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We have in LO.3 Biology G10
First: the Concepts
First: the Concepts Cell membrane-
a. barrier function
b. phospholipids and proteins.
c. fluid structure
d. membrane models for study of function
Cell membrane and diffusion
a. diffusion.
b. osmosis.
c. selective permeability
d. protein channels and facilitated diffusion.
e. concentration gradients,
f. transport proteins and active transport
Diabetes as a case study (from SEPUP)
Second: the References
SEPUP Materials in Unit 3 - Cell Biology
Act. 07 teacher SEPUP P. 300 : 308 student SEPUP P. 191 : 197
Act 07 - TR 7.1; TR 7.2
Act 07 - SS 2.1 to use for diabetes reading
Act 08 teacher SEPUP P. 310 : 319 student SEPUP P. 198 : 205
Act 08 - SS 2.1 to use for HIV reading
Act 09 teacher SEPUP P. 321 :329 student SEPUP P. 206 : 212
Act 09 - TR 9.1
Campbell: chapter 7
Modern: chapter 5
Third: the Videos links
Fourth: Skills
Make and record laboratory data.
Analyze laboratory data to infer nature of features of membranes
Make accurate inferences from text materials
Fifth: the materials as PPT., DOCX., and PDF
In the Drive from this link
Few Notes:
•Diabetes also may develop over several years, causing blindness, kidney failure, and coronary heart disease
•coronary heart disease: is a disease that makes the artery that supply oxygen to the heart too narrow
Types of diabetes :
• Type I
• Type II
• Gestational diabetes
• Drug induced diabetes
Type I :
•It occurs when a mutation happens in the body’s immune system, making T-cells
destroy the pancreas cells, producing insulin (β-cells).
•Note: T-cells is immune cells which are the primary type that defends the body against microbes, and it is a type of white blood cells
•Insulin: the hormone the regulates the percentage of glucose in the blood.
•This type leads to diabetic ketoacidosis; I will discuss it later.
Type II :
•It represents 35-40% of diabetes cases in adults
•The blood has enough insulin, but proteins receptor has not sensitized it
•For example, the liver cell's protein receptor membranes recognize the insulin and activate the glucose transport protein that moves glucose into liver cells; if the process does not work, liver cells will not take glucose.
• The reason why cells do not respond to glucose is not understood until now. The cells look like insulin resistance Some factors affect the cells and make them insulin resistant:
• Obesity – lack of exercise –hypertension.
•Excess of fats causes a lot of fatty acids, which causes inflammation which causes cell resistance.
•Inflammation: body processes that fight against things that harm it
•Many obese people do not have diabetes, so this reasoning is not actually in all cases
.•In type II, beta cells still secrets insulin into the blood without responding after a long time; it becomes exhausted and changed to type II.
So we can conclude that :
•Type I cannot prevented
•Type II can be prevented
Gestational diabetes :
•Pregnant women have increased in glucose level in blood during pregnancy at third week this because some hormones during pregnancy
Drug induced diabetes :
•Medication side effects which cause increase in glucose level in our blood this related to insulin resistance cells
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