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We have in LO.4 Biology G10
First: the Concepts
Modeling DNA structure:
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).
Nucleotide subunits.
nitrogenous bases
sugar–phosphate backbone
Complementary strands
Double helix.
RNA structure
Second: the References
Unite 4 Genetics - Act.10 Modeling DNA Structure (Teacher SEPUP 505-513 -S.SEPUP 228-333)
Campbell: chapter 16
Modern: chapter 10
Third: the Videos links
Fourth: Skills
Compare and contrast
Fifth: the materials as PPT., DOCX., and PDF
In the Drive from this link
Few Notes:
DNA Composition
• Phosphate
• Nitrogen Bases:
– Purines
– Pyrimidines
DNA Backbone
• Polymer of sugar-phosphate.
• 2 backbones present.
Nitrogen Bases
• Bridge the backbones together.
• Purine + Pyrimidine = 3 rings.
• Constant distance between the 2 backbones.
• Held together by H-bonds.
Chargaff’s Rule
• Explained by double helix model.
• A = T, 3 ring distance.
Replication
• The process of making more DNA from DNA.
• Problem: when cells replicate, the genome must be copied exactly.
Models for DNA Replication
• Conservative - one old strand, one new strand.
• Semiconservative - each strand is 1/2 old, 1/2 new.
• Dispersive - strands are mixtures of old and new.
• Grew bacteria on two isotopes of N.
• Started on 15N, switched to 14N.
• Looked at weight of DNA after one, then 2 rounds of replication.
Results
• Confirmed the Semiconservative Model of DNA replication.
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