Grade 10 - Physics - LO.3 - Force as a vector

    

We have in LO.3 Physics G10

First: the Concepts

A. Equilibrium vs. motion vs. change in motion

B. Force as a vector

C. Net force acting on a free body.

D. Newton's Laws of Motion

E. Centripetal acceleration

F. Centripetal force

G. Inertial reference frame

Second: the References

Active Physics p 132 – 143; p 157 – 173

Third: the Videos links

Fourth: Skills

A. Identify forces acting on an object and represent them pictorially in a free body diagram.

B. Use free-body diagram to determine net force acting on a body via graphical vector addition

C. Given all of the forces acting on a body, use Newton's 1st law to determine whether the object is in equilibrium (i.e. moving at constant velocity, including 0)

D. Given all of the forces acting on a body, apply Newton's 2nd law to determine the acceleration of an object not in equilibrium

C. Knowing the state of motion of an object but not all forces on a body, determine the resultant of the unknown force(s)

D. Describe why an object moving in a circle experiences a centripetal acceleration towards the

center of rotation, even though it is moving at constant speed..

E. Identify the force or forces that cause a body to move in a circle about a fixed point in space

Fifth: the materials as PPT., DOCX., and PDF

In the Drive from this link

Few Notes:

NEWTON'S FIRST LAW OF MOTION

Galileo's Law of Inertia 

In the Investigate, you observed, measured, and compared the release height of a ball on one side of the track to the recovered height on the other side of the track. You found that they were not exactly equal, but they were close to being equal.

Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher. Galileo is sometimes called the father of modern science. He introduced experimental science to the world. Galileo performed an experiment similar to the one you just completed. He observed that a ball that rolled down one ramp seemed to seek the same height when it rolled up another ramp. 

Galileo also did a "thought experiment" in which he imagined a ball made of extremely hard material set into motion on a horizontal, smooth surface, similar to the final track in your investigation. He concluded that the ball would continue its motion on the horizontal surface with constant speed along a straight line "to the horizon" (forever).

From this, and from his observation that an object at rest remains at rest unless something causes it to move, Galileo formed the law of inertia: Inertia is the natural tendency of an object to remain at rest or to remain moving with constant speed in a straight line.

Galileo changed the way in which people viewed motion. Early on, people thought that all moving objects would stop. After Galileo, people thought about how moving objects might continue to move forever unless a force, a push or a pull, stopped them. That idea is not easy to understand. Any time you have pushed an object to move it, you have seen it stop. Nobody ever observes an object moving forever. Even when the surface is very, very smooth, the sliding or rolling objects eventually stop. However, Galileo realized that objects do not stop "on their own" but stop because there is a frictional force working that you cannot see and that is the force that stops the object.

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