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We have in LO.2 Math G10
First: the Concepts
Second: the References
Third: the Videos links
Fourth: Skills
Fifth: the materials as PPT., DOCX., and PDF
In the Drive from this link
Few Notes:
The Five Basic Words of Statistics
The five words population, sample, parameter, statistic (singular), and variable form the basic vocabulary of statistics. You cannot learn much about statistics unless you first learn the meanings of these five words.
1-Population
CONCEPT All the members of a group about which you want to draw a conclusion.
EXAMPLES All U.S. citizens who are currently registered to vote, all patients treated at a particular hospital last year, the entire daily output of a cereal factory’s production line.
2-Sample
CONCEPT The part of the population selected for analysis.
EXAMPLES The registered voters selected to participate in a recent survey concerning their intention to vote in the next election, the patients selected to fill out a patient-satisfaction questionnaire, 100 boxes of cereal selected from a factory’s production line.
3-Parameter
CONCEPT A numerical measure that describes a characteristic of a population.
EXAMPLES The percentage of all registered voters who intend to vote in the next election, the percentage of all patients who are very satisfied with the care they received, the average weight of all the cereal boxes produced on a factory’s production line on a particular day.
4-Statistic
CONCEPT A numerical measure that describes a characteristic of a sample.
EXAMPLES The percentage in a sample of registered voters who intend to vote in the next election, the percentage in a sample of patients who are very satisfied with the care they received, the average weight of a sample of cereal boxes produced on a factory’s production line on a particular day.
INTERPRETATION Calculating statistics for a sample is the most common activity, because collecting population data is impractical for most actual decision-making situations.
5-Variable
CONCEPT A characteristic of an item or an individual that will be analyzed using statistics.
EXAMPLES Gender, the household income of the citizens who voted in the last presidential election, the publishing category (hardcover, trade paperback, mass-market paperback, textbook) of a book, the number of varieties of a brand of cereal.
INTERPRETATION All the variables are taken together form the data of an analysis. Although you may have heard people saying that they are analyzing their data, they are, more precisely, analyzing their variables.
You should distinguish between a variable, such as a gender, and its value for an individual, such as male. An observation is all the values for an individual item in the sample. For example, a survey might contain two variables, gender and age. The first observation might be male, 40. The second observation might be female, 45. The third observation might be female, 55. A variable is sometimes known as a column of data because of the convention of entering each observation as a unique row in a table of data. (Likewise, you may hear some refer to an observation as a row of data.)
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